The South Eastern State of Chiapas and the neighbouring State of Oaxaca contains the poorest sectors of the Mexican population as measured by indicators from the 1990 census. They have the highest proportion of indigenous population; in Chiapas 13.6% and in Oaxaca 19.3% against the national average of 7.5%. The marginalisation of these indigenous peoples has long been a problem in Mexico, and public and international opinion has been exerting pressure for a better deal for them. Chiapas State is a stronghold of many of those who seek social and economic redress by force, and the scene of violent conflict.

Poverty among the indigenous people of Chiapas State drives them to over-exploitation of the forest and land resources of the area. The project aims to assist them to develop their productive capacity so that natural resource management becomes sustainable. This includes the cloud forest areas, which are earmarked for priority attention because they are rich in biodiversity, have important environmental influences, including benefits for agricultural production and water for communities and rivers, and contribute wood and other products on which the local communities rely. The twin objectives of the project - environmental conservation and social and economic development - thus go hand in hand.

Safeguarded and improved living standards and environment for local people, especially the poor in Chiapas who are dependent on renewable natural resources.

Improved, sustainable and Replicable forest management and agricultural practices identified through participatory means, and adopted by local people, especially the poor.

• Improved communal decision making processes through strengthened local and community organisations in 4 ejidos.
• Increased social and economic opportunities for men and women in 4 ejidos.
• Adoption of appropriate and sustainable practices in 4 ejidos leading to improved agricultural productivity and profitability.
• Increased benefits for the forest, including conservation in 4 ejidos.
• Information on sound natural resource management practices collected and disseminated to other communities and structures.