In 1992 the outer limit (green line) of the PNA (Amboro National Park) was extended, expanding the size of the Park from 180,000 ha to 638,000 ha and causing considerable conflicts with communities who already held land, either with title deed or under the Agrarian land reform, within the new limits of the Park. The Government of Bolivia is in the process of defining a 'red line' delineating the core zone of the park and the area between the red and green lines has been defined as a buffer zone for integrated management.

The PNA is threatened by a combination of factors: localised expansion of the agricultural frontier, illegal logging, hunting and fishing by local residents and visitors, and in the southern core zone, cattle grazing during the dry season. A major threat to the PNA comes from the pressure on the natural resource base of the buffer zone farming systems. Current production practices and technical options involve slash and burn systems with a short cycle of cropping and conversion to pastures which suffer rapid degradation and ultimately abandonment.

To promote development and adoption of sustainable natural resource based livelihoods in the area of influence of Amboro National Park and facilitate integration of this with the conservation of biodiversity.

• Baseline situation analyses and monitoring systems.
• Improved land use management by communities and farmers within the zone.
• Strengthened capacity of local organisations to co-ordinate, develop, promote and respond to participatory sustainable development plans.
• Effective participatory park management processes.
• Identification and piloting of income generating activities which provide incentives for sustainable management of natural resources.
• Increased stakeholder understanding of links between human activity, development and environmental resources and enhanced capacity to make environmentally sound decisions.